588 American Casualties

As each day passes, I hear a greater number of people complaining about American casualties in Iraq. Others bemoan our occupation there, and decry it as another “quagmire”, in which countless numbers of American troops will be killed. According to antiwar.com, there have been 588 American combat casualties since the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom.

How bad is 588 casualties, exactly? The only objective way to look at the number is in relation to other American military actions. Therefore, a good set of data to compare Operation Iraqi Freedom to is the casualty figures from all other previous wars involving America. For the sake of relevance, I’m not going to include any NATO actions, as their multinational nature dilutes individual countries’ casualty rates. As a editorial note, I’m also going to compare combat casualties rather than overall casualties. There’s no reason for this other than the fact that the data has already been calcualted (for the most part), saving me time. However, after having done some calculations on total casualties, the numbers tell the same story.

The most direct way I know of to compare combat casualties is by examining the total number in each of the conflicts. The following table lists the number of total deaths suffered by America in each war we’ve been in, chronologically.

American Wars and their Casualties
War Casualties
Revolutionary War 4,435
War of 1812 2,260
Mexican War 1,733
Civil War 184,594
Spanish-American War 385
World War I 53,513
World War II 292,131
Korean War 33,651
Vietnam War 47,369
Gulf War 148
Operation Iraqi Freedom 588

If you read that table like I do, this conflict has the third fewest casualties of every American war in history; it’s second only to the Gulf War, which lasted one month, and the Spanish-American War, which was only six weeks of sustained combat.

Of course, those figures alone don’t tell us the whole story. It also depends what percentage of troops involved were killed, right? In smaller conflicts involving fewer troops, it’s likely that you’ll have fewer mortalities. So let’s take a look at the percentages of Americans KIA with respect to military enrollment.

American Wars and their Percentage of Casualties
War Percentage
Revolutionary War 2.2%
War of 1812 0.8%
Mexican War 2.2%
Civil War 4.8%
Spanish-American War 0.1%
World War I 1.1%
World War II 1.8%
Korean War 0.6%
Vietnam War 0.5%
Gulf War 0.00%
Operation Iraqi Freedom 0.00%

Next to the Gulf War (by a hair), the Iraqi occupation has killed a smaller percentage of troops than any other American conflict in our history). The next least damaging war, the Spanish-American War, had over a ten-fold increase in percentage (the actual figure for OIF troops KIA is around 0.004%).

This doesn’t tell us, however, how bad has the war been on an ongoing basis. Surely the length of a conflict should be taken into account, as it will affect the numbers of overall troop mortality. Below is a table specifiying the number of troops killed in action per month of combat. The figure of 588 American casualties in OIF was taken in March, so we will take only those twelve months into account.

American Wars and their KIA rates.
War KIA Rate
Revolutionary War 55/mo.
War of 1812 75/mo.
Mexican War 87/mo.
Civil War 3,846/mo.
Spanish-American War 96/mo.
World War I 2,816/mo.
World War II 6,639/mo.
Korean War 909/mo.
Vietnam War 526/mo.
Gulf War 148/mo.
Operation Iraqi Freedom 49/mo.

Operation Iraqi Freedom claims first place. The closest war, with respect to fewest casualties per month was the Revolutionary War. Yes, you read that correctly. We have to go back to the birth of our country, the late seventeen-hundreds, to find a war with a similar rate of troops killed in action over time.

My take on this? Only Americans would be fooled into believing that a figure representing one of the greatest strengths of this war, with respect to all others (its overall bloodlessness, as far as wars go) is an argument against it. Of course, this isn’t the first time that such a tactic has been tried. I guess statistics really are relative.

Most of these statistics were lifted off of the United States Civil War Center webpage.